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general description the max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier providesclass ab audio performance with class d efficiency. active emissions limiting edge rate and overshoot con- trol circuitry greatly reduces emi. a filterless spread- spectrum modulation scheme eliminates the need for output filtering found in traditional class d devices. these features reduce application component count. the max9830s industry-leading 1.6ma at 5v, 1.2ma at 3.6v, quiescent current extends battery life in portable applications. the max9830 is available in an 8-pin tdfn (2mm x 2mm x 0.8mm) and is specified over the extended -40c to +85c temperature range. applications notebook and netbook computerscellular phones mp3 players portable audio players voip phones features ? industry-leading quiescent current: 1.6ma at 5v,1.2ma at 3.6v ? spread spectrum and active emissions limiting ? passes emi limit unfiltered with up to 24in(61cm) of speaker cable ? click-and-pop suppression ? thermal and overcurrent protection ? low 0.5? current shutdown mode ? space-saving, 2mm x 2mm x 0.8mm, 8-pin tdfnpackage max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 19-4806; rev 1; 4/10 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. evaluation kit available max9830 +2.6v to +5.5v 0.1 f pvdd out+ out- pgnd shdn in+in- n.c. 0.47 f 0.47 f typical operating circuit ordering information part temp range pin-package max9830aeta+ -40c to +85c 8 tdfn-ep* + denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. * ep = exposed pad. 1 + 34 86 5 pvdd out- pgnd max9830 2 7 out+ in+ shdn n.c. in- tdfn 2mm x 2mm x 0.8mm top view *ep *ep = exposed pad. connect the ep topgnd to enhance thermal dissipation. pin configuration downloaded from: http:///
max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratingselectrical characteristics (v pvdd = v shdn = 5v, v pgnd = 0v, r l = , unless otherwise specified. r l connected between out+ and out-, ac measurement bandwidth 20hz to 22khz, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25c.) (notes 1, 2) stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. voltage pvdd, in+, in-, shdn , to pgnd .........................-0.3v to +6v out+, out- to pgnd...........................-0.3v to v pvdd + 0.3v current continuous current into/out of pvdd, pgnd, out+, out- ..............................................................600ma continuous input current (all other pins) .....................20ma duration of short circuit between out+, out-, and pvdd, pgnd ............................continuous continuous power dissipation for a multilayer board (t a = +70c) 8-pin tdfn-ep (derate 11.9mw/c) .........................953.5mw junction temperature ......................................................+150c operating temperature range ...........................-40c to +85c storage temperature range .............................-65c to +150c lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300c soldering temperature (reflow) .......................................+260c rate of voltage rise at pvdd .............................................1v/s parameter symbol conditions min typ max units speaker amplifier voltage range pvdd inferred from psrr test 2.6 5.5 v v pvdd = 5.0v 1.6 2.5 quiescent supply current i dd v pvdd = 3.6v 1.2 ma shutdown supply current i shdn v shdn = 0v, t a = +25c 0.5 10 a turn-on time t on 1.9 4 ms bias voltage v bias 1.31 v single ended 1 maximum ac input voltage v in differential 2 v rms between inputs 85.6 input resistance in shutdown r insd from inputs to pgnd 43 k ? input resistance r in 12 20 k ? voltage gain a v 12 db common-mode rejection ratio cmrr f in = 1khz, input referred 48 db v pvdd = 2.6v to 5.5v, t a = +25c 54 64.3 f ripple = 217hz 72 power-supply rejection ratio psrr pvdd ripple = 200mv p-p (note 3) f ripple = 20khz 64 db r l = 8 ? 1.5 output power p out thd+n = 10%,f in = 1khz r l = 4 ? 2.25 w r l = 8 ? , p out = 0.5w 0.04 total harmonic distortion plusnoise thd+n f in = 1khz r l = 4 ? , p out = 1w 0.04 % output offset voltage v os t a = +25c 3 30 mv into shutdown -56 click-and-pop level k cp peak voltage,a-weighted, 32 samples/sec (notes 3, 4) out of shutdown -56 dbv downloaded from: http:///
max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 parameter symbol conditions min typ max units oscillator frequency f osc 600 khz spread-spectrum bandwidth 10 khz noise v n a-weighted (note 3) 39 v rms signal-to-noise ratio snr p out = p out at 1% thd+n, a-weighted r l = 8 ? 98 db output current limit i lim t a = +25c 3 a thermal shutdown level +180 c thermal shutdown hysterysis 30 c efficiency r l = 8 ? , p out = 1.5w 85 % digital input ( shdn ) input voltage high v ih 1.4 v input voltage low v il 0.4 v input leakage current t a = +25c 10 a electrical characteristics (continued)(v pvdd = v shdn = 5v, v pgnd = 0v, r l = , unless otherwise specified. r l connected between out+ and out-, ac measurement bandwidth 20hz to 22khz, t a = t min to t max , unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25c.) (notes 1, 2) note 1: all devices are 100% production tested at t a = +25c. all temperature limits are guaranteed by design. note 2: testing performed with a resistive load in series with an inductor to simulate an actual speaker load. for r l = 4 ? , l = 33h. for r l = 8 ? , l = 68h. note 3: amplifier inputs ac-coupled to pgnd with c in = 0.47f. note 4: specified at room temperature with an 8 ? resistive load in series with a 68h inductive load connected across btl outputs. mode transitions are controlled by shdn . downloaded from: http:///
max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (v pvdd = v shdn = 5.0v, v pgnd = 0v, r l = , unless otherwise specified. r l connected between out+ and out-, ac measure- ment bandwidth 20hz to 22khz, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.) total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9830 toc01 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.1 1 10 0.01 10 100k p out = 1.4w p out = 400mw v pvdd = 5.0v r load = 4 i total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9830 toc02 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.1 1 10 0.01 10 100k p out = 600mw p out = 100mw v pvdd = 3.6v r load = 4 i total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9830 toc03 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.1 1 10 0.01 10 100k p out = 1w p out = 100mw v pvdd = 5.0v r load = 8 i total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency max9830 toc04 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.1 1 10 0.01 10 100k p out = 500mw p out = 100mw v pvdd = 3.6v r load = 8 i 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 03 . 0 total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9830 toc05 0.1 1 10 0.01 output power (w) v pvdd = 5.0v r load = 4 i thd+n (%) f = 100hz f = 6khz f = 1khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power output power (w) 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1.4 max9830 toc06 0.1 1 10 0.01 thd+n (%) v pvdd = 3.6v r load = 4 i f = 6khz f = 100hz f = 1khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9830 toc07 output power (w) thd+n (%) 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 1 10 0.01 01 . 8 v pvdd = 5.0v r load = 8 i f = 6khz f = 100hz f = 1khz total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. output power max9830 toc08 output power (w) thd+n (%) 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 1 10 0.01 0 0.9 v pvdd = 3.6v r load = 8 i f = 6khz f = 100hz f = 1khz output power vs. load resistance max9830 toc09 load resistance ( i ) output power (w) 10 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0 11 0 0 thd+n = 10% thd+n = 1% v pvdd = 5.0v downloaded from: http:///
max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 output power vs. load resistance max9830 toc10 output power (w) 10 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0 1 100 load resistance ( i ) thd+n = 10% thd+n = 1% v pvdd = 3.6v output power vs. supply voltage max9830 toc10a output power (w) 4.0 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.8 2.0 0 2.5 5.5 5.0 4.5 3.5 3.0 supply voltage (v) 1% thd+n 10% thd+n f in = 1khz r l = 8 i output power vs. supply voltage max9830 toc10b output power (w) 4.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0 2.5 5.5 5.0 4.5 3.5 3.0 supply voltage (v) 1% thd+n 10% thd+n f in = 1khz r l = 4 i efficiency vs. output power max9830 toc11 output power (w) efficiency (%) 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 20 40 60 80 100 0 02 . 0 v pvdd = 5.0v r load = 8 i r load = 4 i efficiency vs. output power max9830 toc12 output power (w) efficiency (%) 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 20 40 60 80 100 0 0 1.0 r load = 8 i r load = 4 i v pvdd = 3.6v power-supply rejection ratio vs. frequency max9830 toc13 frequency (hz) psrr (db) 10k 1k 100 -80-90 -70 -50-60 -30-40 -10-20 0 -100 10 100k v ripple = 200mv p-p common-mode rejection ratio vs. frequency max9830 toc14 frequency (hz) cmrr (db) 10k 1k 100 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -60 10 100k input referred amplitude vs. frequency max9830 toc15 frequency (hz) amplitude (db) 10k 1k 100 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 0 10 100k startup waveform max9830 toc16 output500ma/div shdn2v/div 400 f s/div typical operating characteristics (continued) (v pvdd = v shdn = 5.0v, v pgnd = 0v, r l = , unless otherwise specified. r l connected between out+ and out-, ac measure- ment bandwidth 20hz to 22khz, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.) downloaded from: http:///
max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (continued) (v pvdd = v shdn = 5.0v, v pgnd = 0v, r l = , unless otherwise specified. r l connected between out+ and out-, ac measure- ment bandwidth 20hz to 22khz, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.) shutdown waveform max9830 toc17 output500ma/div shdn2v/div 400 f s/div wideband output spectrum max9830 toc18 frequency (mhz) output amplitude (dbv) 100 10 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 -120 1 1000 rbw = 100hz output frequency spectrum max9830 toc19 frequency (khz) output magnitude (dbv) 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 -140 02 0 supply current vs. supply voltage max9830 toc20 supply voltage (v) supply current (ma) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 0 2.5 5.5 shutdown current vs. supply voltage max9830 toc21 supply voltage (v) shutdown current ( f a) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0 2.5 5.5 rf immunity vs. frequency max9830 toc22 frequency (mhz) rf immunity (dbv) 2500 2000 500 1000 1500 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -80 0 3000 downloaded from: http:///
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7 detailed description the max9830 features industry-leading quiescent cur-rent, low-power shutdown mode, comprehensive click- and-pop suppression, and excellent rf immunity. the max9830 offers class ab audio performance with class d efficiency in a minimal board-space solution. the class d amplifier features spread-spectrum modu- lation combined with edge rate and overshoot control circuitry that offers significant improvements to switch- mode amplifier radiated emissions. the max9830 includes thermal overload and short-cir- cuit protection. class d speaker amplifier the max9830 filterless class d amplifier offers muchhigher efficiency than class ab amplifiers. the high efficiency of a class d amplifier is due to the switching operation of the output stage transistors. any power loss associated with the class d output stage is mostly due to the i 2 r loss of the mosfet on-resistance and quiescent current overhead. ultra-low emi filterless output stage traditional class d amplifiers require the use of exter-nal lc filters, or shielding, to meet en55022b electro- magnetic-interference (emi) regulation standards. maxims active emissions limiting edge-rate control cir- cuitry and spread-spectrum modulation reduces emi emissions, while maintaining up to 85% efficiency. maxims spread-spectrum modulation mode flattens wideband spectral components, while proprietary tech- niques ensure that the cycle-to-cycle variation of the switching period does not degrade audio reproduction or efficiency. the max9830s spread-spectrum modulator randomly varies the switching frequency by 10khz around the center frequency (600khz). above 10mhz, the wideband spectrum lookslike noise for emi purposes (figure 1). speaker current limit if the output current of the speaker amplifier exceedsthe current limit (1.8a typ), the max9830 disables the outputs for approximately 400s. at the end of 400s, the outputs are re-enabled. if the fault condition still exists, the max9830 continues to disable and re-enable the outputs until the fault condition is removed. shutdown the max9830 features a low-power shutdown mode,drawing 0.5a of supply current. drive shdn low to put the max9830 into shutdown. click-and-pop suppression the max9830 speaker amplifier features maxims com-prehensive click-and-pop suppression. during startup, the click-and-pop suppression circuitry reduces any audible transient sources internal to the device. when entering shutdown, the differential speaker outputs ramp down to pgnd quickly and simultaneously. max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier pin description pin name function 1 in+ noninverting audio input 2 in- inverting audio input 3 shdn active-low shutdown input. drive shdn low to place the device in shutdown mode. 4 n.c. no connection. leave unconnected. 5 pgnd ground 6 out- negative speaker output 7 out+ positive speaker output 8 pvdd power supply. bypass pvdd to pgnd with a 0.1f capacitor. ep exposed pad. connect exposed pad to a solid ground plane. frequency (mhz) amplitude (db v/m) 4030 20 10 0 -10 30 60 100 140 180 220 260 300 80 120 160 200 240 280 en55022b limit figure 1. emi with 24in of speaker cable downloaded from: http:///
max9830 applications information filterless class d operation traditional class d amplifiers require an output filter.the filter adds cost, size, and decreases efficiency and thd+n performance. the max9830s filterless modula- tion scheme does not require an output filter. because the switching frequency of the max9830 is well beyond the bandwidth of most speakers, voice coil movement at the switching frequency is very small. use a speaker with a series inductance > 10h. typical 8 ? speakers exhibit series inductances in the 20h to100h range. component selection optional ferrite bead filter although not normally needed, in applications wherespeaker leads exceed 24in at v pvdd = 3v, use a filter constructed from an inexpensive ferrite bead and asmall-value capacitor to ground (figure 2) to provide additional emi suppression. use a ferrite bead with low dc resistance, high frequency ( 1mhz) impedance of 100 ? to 600 ? , and rated for at least 1a. the capacitor value varies based on the ferrite bead chosen and theactual speaker lead length. select the capacitor value based on emi performance. speaker amplifier power supply input (pvdd) pvdd powers the speaker amplifier. pvdd ranges from2.6v to 5.5v. bypass pvdd with a 0.1f capacitor to pgnd. apply additional bulk capacitance at the device if long input traces between pvdd and the power source are used. ensure a rate of voltage rise at pvdd is limited to 1v/s. input filtering the input-coupling capacitor (c in ), in conjunction with the amplifiers internal input resistance (r in ), forms a highpass filter that removes the dc bias from theincoming signal. these capacitors allow the amplifier to bias the signal to an optimum dc level. select 0.47f capacitors for optimum click-and-pop performance and 17hz f -3db . if a different f -3db is required, c in, assuming zero- source-impedance, is:use capacitors with adequately low voltage-coefficient for best low-frequency thd performance. layout and grounding proper layout and grounding are essential for optimumperformance. good grounding improves audio perfor- mance and prevents switching noise from coupling into the audio signal. use wide, low-resistance output traces. as load imped- ance decreases, the current drawn from the device out- puts increase. at higher current, the resistance of the output traces decrease the power delivered to the load. for example, if 2w is delivered from the speaker output to a 4 ? load through a 100m ? trace, 49mw is con- sumed in the trace. if power is delivered through a10m ? trace, only 5mw is consumed in the trace. wide output, supply and ground traces also improve thepower dissipation of the device. the max9830 is inherently designed for excellent rf immunity. for best performance, add ground fills around all signal traces on top and bottom pcb planes. the max9830 tdfn package features an exposed thermal pad on its underside. this pad lowers the pack- ages thermal resistance by providing a heat conduc- tion path from the die to the pcb. connect the exposed thermal pad to the ground plane by using a large pad and multiple vias. chip information process: cmos c f f in db = 8 3 [] - mono 2w class d amplifier 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ max9830 out+ out- figure 2. optional ferrite bead filter downloaded from: http:///
max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 uvlo/power management click-and-pop suppression low-emi driver ferrite bead low-emi driver class d modulator pvdd pvdd pgnd pgnd pgnd 5 8 0.47 f 1 2 7 6 pvdd 3 shdn 10 f* out+ out- in+ in- *bulk capacitor max9830 0.47 f 2.6v to 5.5v 0.1 f functional diagram downloaded from: http:///
max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ package type package code document no. 8 tdfn-ep t822+2 21-0168 8l tdfn exposed pads.eps package outline 21-0168 2 1 e 8l tdfn exposed pad, 2x2x0.80mm package information for the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages . note that a +, #, or - in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to th e package regardless of rohs status. downloaded from: http:///
max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 symbol common dimensions 2.10 1.90 0.80 max. 0.70 min. 0.20 ref. 0.40 0.05 2.10 0.20 0.00 1.90 d a l a1 e a2 k [(n/2)-1] x e b e package variations pkg. code e2 d2 n 0.25 min. package outline 21-0168 2 2 e 8l tdfn exposed pad, 2x2x0.80mm 1.300.10 1.50 ref 0.250.05 0.50 typ. 0.700.10 8 t822-1 r 0.125 1.200.10 1.50 ref 0.250.05 0.50 typ. 0.800.10 8 t822-2 0.125 package information (continued) for the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages . note that a +, #, or - in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to th e package regardless of rohs status. downloaded from: http:///
max9830 mono 2w class d amplifier maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circuit patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 ? 2010 maxim integrated products maxim is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. revision history revision number revision date description pages changed 0 8/09 initial release 1 4/10 removed psrr spec from the features section, updated ec table specs, and added new tocs 1, 2, 5 downloaded from: http:///

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